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BaselineMonitoringReport Maori Participation in Tertiary Education ← Te Rautaki Mātauranga Māori -- Contribute to the Achievement of Māori Development Aspirations | Home Page | Completion of Qualifications by Maori → Rapid increase in overall participation by MāoriParticipation by Māori in formal tertiary education has been growing rapidly. Since 1999, Māori participation rates (ie Māori students as a proportion of the Māori population) have been exceeding non-Māori rates. This is in part due to the substantial growth of wānanga. However, even after excluding all wānanga students, Māori participation rates were still higher than non-Māori in 2002.
High levels of participation by Māori women aged 25 and overThere was considerable variation in participation rates by both age and gender. In 2002, both Māori men and women aged under 25 years had lower rates of participation in tertiary education than non-Māori. The difference in participation rates was much greater between Māori and non-Māori men than between Māori and non-Māori women. However, for Māori aged 25 and over, both male and female participation rates were much higher than for non-Māori. Māori women had significantly higher participation rates than Māori men and all non-Māori. The higher level of participation for Māori women carries right through to the 65 years and over age group.
Most growth in participation is below degree levelMost of the growth in Māori participation in formal tertiary education has been at below degree level, with growth in degree and postgraduate numbers being more stable. Over the last six years, Māori enrolments below degree level have more than doubled. Over the same period, degree and above enrolments have grown by 34 percent. In both cases, enrolment growth has significantly exceeded that of non-Māori.
In 2002, 77 percent of Māori students were enrolled in courses below degree level, compared with only 49 percent of non-Māori. At the top end, just over three percent of Māori students were enrolled in postgraduate studies, compared with nine percent of non-Māori students. Participation varies by field of studyIn 2002, 22 percent of Māori students were enrolled in qualifications categorised as ‘mixed field’, compared with only 7.3 percent of non-Māori. Mixed-field qualifications are generic qualifications, mostly employment and life skills. This reflects the large number of Māori students who are re-entering education as adults and undertaking foundation level courses. Looking at the other fields of study in 2002, the most popular area of study for Māori was society and culture, which includes tikanga Māori and te reo Māori. Whereas the management and commerce field was most popular for non-Māori. Māori tended to be over-represented in fields related to the service sector, with the exception of health. Maori were under-represented in fields related to science and business, with the exception of information technology and agriculture and environment.
The overall picture was similar when comparing Māori men with non-Māori men and Māori women with non-Māori women. There are a few notable differences. Māori women were more likely to be studying information technology qualifications than non-Māori women. Māori men were more likely to be studying agricultural qualifications and less likely to be studying for information technology qualifications than non-Māori men. To fully understand the underlying picture, a more sophisticated analysis is required that takes account of the level of study and age, as well as gender. This is beyond the scope of this current report. Māori are well represented in industry training but are more concentrated in some industriesIn 2003, Māori made up 10 percent of the workforce and 17 percent of industry trainees. Seventy percent of Māori trainees were undertaking programmes at level three or higher. Across the ITOs, Forestry had the largest number of Māori industry trainees in 2003 (3,722), followed by Engineering, Food and Manufacturing (1,255), the New Zealand Industry Training Organisation, which covers meat and dairy (1,126), and Agriculture (1,030). Forty-nine percent of all Māori trainees were covered by these four ITOs, compared with 39 percent of all trainees. Māori made up 14.3 percent of Modern Apprenticeships in 2003. In 2003, 23 percent of Māori Modern Apprenticeships were within the Forestry ITO, compared to seven percent of all Modern Apprenticeships. A further 44 percent of Māori Modern Apprenticeships were spread across the Agriculture, Building and Construction, Electricity Supply, Engineering, and Motor ITOs. 1 See Technical and Data Definitions for explanation of age-standardisation. (↑) ← Te Rautaki Mātauranga Māori -- Contribute to the Achievement of Māori Development Aspirations | Home Page | Completion of Qualifications by Maori → Page last modified on 26 November 2006, at 06:29 PM |
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